Now showing items 21-40 of 104900

    • Coulomb enhancement of high harmonic generation in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

      Hader, Jörg; Neuhaus, Josefine; Moloney, Jerome V; Koch, Stephan W; Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona (Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA), 2023-04-11)
      High harmonic generation (HHG) in monolayer MoS2 is studied using fully microscopic many-body models based on the semiconductor Bloch equations and density functional theory. It is shown that Coulomb correlations lead to a dramatic enhancement of HHG. In particular, near the bandgap, enhancements of two orders of magnitude or more are observed for a wide range of excitation wavelengths and intensities. For excitation at excitonic resonances, strong absorption leads to spectrally broad sub-floors of the harmonics that is absent without Coulomb interaction. The widths of these sub-floors depend strongly on the dephasing time for polarizations. For times of the order of 10 fs the broadenings are comparable to the Rabi energies and reach one electronvolt at fields of approximately 50 MV/cm. The intensities of these contributions are approximately four to six orders below the peaks of the harmonics.
    • Legal reasoning and Latin America’s economic development

      Kozolchyk, Boris; College of Law, University of Arizona, Arizona (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022-08-24)
      This article discusses how a method of legal reasoning employed first by French and Spanish legislators and judges and, subsequently, by their Latin American successors hindered the economic development of their respective countries.1 It suggests that significant economic development would be possible if legislators helped enact honest, reasonable, and fair versions of successful market practices in a manner consistent with their nations' or regions' developmental goals.2 It further suggests that Latin American judges can contribute to the attainment of such goals by adopting a method of reasoning that differs from their present method. The proposed method requires that in disputes caused by the disabling effects of obsolete statutory, case, or customary law on promising new customs and practices, the judge acts as a quasi-legislator. In that capacity, he should carefully consider not only the pivotal facts of the dispute and the applicable law but also his nation's socio-economic conditions and economic development goals. Then, by placing himself in the archetypal position of a reasonable merchant, always having in mind the interest of his contractual and third-party 'others', the judge's decision should enable Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.'s 'prophecies' of what courts will decide in future cases with similar facts and legal issues.3 Thus, he will also be heeding the advice of the distinguished Mexican legal philosopher Eduardo García Máynez, who urged judges to fill the inevitable obsolete and unfair normative gaps with equitable judicial 'individual' norms.4 Finally, in updating practices and correcting injustices, the judges' methods of reasoning should be guided by a broad definition of good faith adopted by 19th-century German Civil and Commercial Codes as well as by the 20th-century US Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), as will be discussed throughout this article. In essence, it requires that legislators and judges take into account the honesty, reasonableness, and fairness of the new practice before it becomes a binding norm.
    • The phonological loop and dual language learning: Do growth differences exist across languages?

      Arizmendi, Genesis D.; Asencio Pimentel, Monica F.; Li, Jui-Teng; Swanson, H. Lee; University of Arizona (Informa UK Limited, 2023-07-27)
      The phonological loop of the working memory system plays a key role in language learning. This study examined the trajectories between two dual-language learner groups (English Learners [ELs] and Spanish Learners [SLs]) on phonological loop measures in L1 and L2. At Grade 1, children completed a battery of vocabulary and cognitive measures and were retested in Grade 3. A series of random effects ANOVAs showed that SLs outperformed ELs on English loop measures, with strong growth in the English loop, but not in Spanish. No significant difference in Spanish loop performance occurred at Grade 3. Considerations for future research and practical implications are discussed.
    • Social Equity and Clientele Participation: A Cross-National Study of Immigrant Education

      Song, Miyeon; An, Seung-Ho; Meier, Kenneth J.; University of Arizona (SAGE Publications, 2023-05-12)
      How public participation shapes effective and equitable service outcomes has been extensively discussed but rarely tested in the public administration literature. This article examines how parent participation in schools affects overall student performance and whether socially marginalized students benefit more or less when schools involve greater participation. Using a 63-country cross-national educational dataset, we show that parent involvement in school activities is not significantly related to overall student performance, but such efforts reduce the performance gap between immigrant and native-born students. This finding suggests that direct participation can reduce social disparities in program outcomes.
    • Contributions of Hearing Loss and Traumatic Brain Injury to Blast-Induced Cortical Parvalbumin Neuron Loss and Auditory Processing Deficits

      Masri, Samer; Deng, Di; Wang, Weihua; Luo, Hao; Zhang, Jinsheng; Bao, Shaowen; Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona (Mary Ann Liebert Inc., 2023-01-31)
      Auditory processing disorder is the most common problem affecting veterans after blast exposure, but the distinct impacts of blast-related traumatic brain injury and blast-related hearing loss are unknown. Independently, both hearing loss and blast exposure affect the entire auditory processing pathway at the molecular and physiological levels. Here, we identified distinct changes to the primary auditory cortex (AI) and temporal processing in mice following blast exposure both with and without protected hearing. Our results show that blast-exposure alone activated microglia in AI, but hearing loss was required for reductions in the density of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Although blast exposure impaired the temporal following response, these impairments were more severe with concurrent unilateral hearing loss, further resulting in impairments in behavioral gap detection. Taken together, these results indicate that protecting hearing during blast exposure can prevent most impairments to auditory processing but does not fully protect temporal processing.
    • Radical care as a science and engineering education response to climate change

      Gunckel, Kristin L.; Department of Teaching, Learning, and Sociocultural Studies, University of Arizona (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-08-26)
      Science education and science education research have long taken a lead in educating the public about climate change by arguing that the public needs to understand the scientific models that explain the mechanisms of global warming and predict future impacts. However, as of yet, this focus on understanding climate models has failed to have an impact on motivating a coherent societal response to climate change or the preparation for its consequences. One issue is the prevalence of technocratic, neoliberal, and settler colonial discourses in science and engineering education standards documents that perpetuate colonialism and racism and undermine the potential impact of science literacy as a response to climate change. In her article “Just worlding design principles: Childrens’ multispecies and radical care priorities in science and engineeringeducation,” Anastasia Sanchez provided a clear vision for how radical care could offer a principal ethic by which to create a more just and caring response to climate change, a defining issue of our time. At its core, radical care is about building relationality. One strategy for fostering relationality is perspective-taking. Nurturing perspective-taking in science and engineering education could build the sense of co-responsibility for each other that is essential for community-based strength and resistance in the face of cultural and ecological disruption and destruction. We indeed live in precarious times, and radical care will be necessary for us to survive.
    • Role of DNA methylation during recovery from spinal cord injury with and without β-adrenergic receptor agonism

      Scholpa, Natalie E; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (Academic Press Inc., 2023-07-22)
      Daily treatment with the FDA-approved β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol beginning 8 h after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) induces mitochondrial biogenesis and improves recovery in mice. We observed decreased DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) expression, global DNA methylation and methylation of the mitochondrial genes PGC-1α and NDUFS1 in the injury site of formoterol-treated mice 1 DPI, but this effect was lost by 7 DPI. To investigate the role of DNA methylation on recovery post-SCI, injured mice were treated daily with formoterol or vehicle, plus the DNMT inhibitor decitabine (DAC) on days 7-9. While DAC had no apparent effect on formoterol-induced recovery, mice treated with vehicle plus DAC exhibited increased BMS scores compared to vehicle alone beginning 15 DPI, reaching a degree of functional recovery similar to that of formoterol-treated mice by 21 DPI. Furthermore, DAC treatment increased injury site mitochondrial protein expression in vehicle-treated mice to levels comparable to that of formoterol-treated mice. The effect of DNMT inhibition on pain response with and without formoterol was assessed following moderate SCI. While all injured mice not treated with DAC displayed thermal hyperalgesia by 21 DPI, mice treated with formoterol exhibited decreased thermal hyperalgesia compared to vehicle-treated mice by 35 DPI. Injured mice treated with DAC, regardless of formoterol treatment, did not demonstrate thermal hyperalgesia at any time point assessed. Although these data do not suggest enhanced formoterol-induced recovery with DNMT inhibition, our findings indicate the importance of DNA methylation post-SCI and support both DNMT inhibition and formoterol as potential therapeutic avenues.
    • The Potential for Common Core and Response to Intervention as Intersecting Initiatives: Supporting Readers Who Struggle with High-Level Standards

      Jaeger, Elizabeth L.; The University of Arizona Graduate College, The University of Arizona (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-02-05)
      Educators have, to this point, largely viewed the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and Response to Intervention (RtI) as important but unrelated initiatives. This view is problematic because it fails to acknowledge the potential for RtI to support readers who struggle to meet sophisticated standards and because it fails to attend to ways in which a focus on CCSS enriches RtI programs that are typically characterized by isolated skills instruction. The purpose of this article is to explore opportunities for integrating these initiatives by incorporating the CCSS at each level of RtI. Curriculum based on grade-level CCSS serves as the foundation for Tier 1. Screening to determine which students need additional support also occurs at this level. These students attend targeted Tier 2 classes which focus on off-level CCSS within specific areas of reading such as multi-syllable decoding or retelling, and remain in the regular classroom when a class addresses an area of reading that is a strength for them. Finally, results of Tier 1 unit assessments, the screening measure, and Tier 2 progress monitoring assessments are employed to determine which children need the intense level of support offered by Tier 3 tutoring. I argue here that careful integration of CCSS and RtI levels allows for high levels of achievement for all students.
    • Functional relationships between estradiol and paternal care in male red-bellied lemurs, Eulemur rubriventer

      Tecot, Stacey R; Birr, Madalena; Dixon, Juliana; Lahitsara, Jean Pierre; Razafindraibe, Dominique; Razanajatovo, Soafaniry; Arroyo, Alicia S; Tombotiana, Aimé Victor; Velontsara, Jean Baptiste; Baden, Andrea L; et al. (Academic Press Inc., 2023-02-10)
      Fathers contribute substantially to infant care, yet the mechanisms facilitating paternal bonding and interactions with infants are not as well understood as they are in mothers. Several hormonal changes occur as males transition into parenthood, first in response to a partner's pregnancy, and next in response to interacting with the newborn. These changes may prepare fathers for parenting and help facilitate and maintain paternal care. Experimental studies with monkeys and rodents suggest that paternal care requires elevated estradiol levels, which increase when a male's partner is pregnant and are higher in fathers than non-fathers, but its role in the expression of paternal behaviors throughout infant development is unknown. To assess estradiol's role in paternal care, we analyzed the relationship between paternal estradiol metabolites and 1) offspring age, and 2) paternal care behavior (holding, carrying, huddling, playing, grooming), in wild, red-bellied lemurs (Eulemur rubriventer). We collected 146 fecal samples and 1597 h of behavioral data on 10 adult males who had newborn infants during the study. Estradiol metabolites increased four-fold in expectant males, and in new fathers they fluctuated and gradually decreased with time. Infant age, not paternal behavior, best predicted hormone levels in new fathers. These results suggest that hormonal changes occur in expectant males with facultative paternal care, but they do not support the hypothesis that estradiol is directly associated with the day-to-day expression of paternal care. Future research should explore estradiol's role in facilitating behaviors, including infant-directed attention and responsiveness, or preparing fathers for infant care generally.
    • Digital filtering of ghost signal in phase measuring deflectometry

      Jeong, Byeongjoon; Ordones, Sotero; Quach, Henry; Kim, Daewook; Choi, Heejoo; Large Optics Fabrication and Testing Group, Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona; Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona; Department of Astronomy, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona (Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA), 2023-03-21)
      We introduce a method of geometric screen modification to remove ghost reflections commonly observed in deflectometry optical testing. The proposed method modifies the optical layout and illumination source area to bypass the generation of reflected rays from the undesired surface. The layout flexibility of deflectometry allows us to design specific system layouts that avoid the generation of interrupting secondary rays. The proposed method is supported by optical raytrace simulations, and experimental results are demonstrated with convex and concave lens case studies. Finally, the limitations of the digital masking method are discussed.
    • From the Gothic Castle to the Romantic Haunted House: Disbelief, Conversion, Aporia, Abjection

      Hogle, Jerrold E.; Department of English, University of Arizona (Informa UK Limited, 2023-03-29)
      We all acknowledge that the haunted house that saw an effulgence in Victorian English literature looks back to Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto (1764), the first text to call itself A Gothic Story in its second edition (1765), and transplants its castle replete with fragmentary ghosts, recalling that these are haunted by Walpole’s prefaces to both editions that urge readers not to believe in the medieval supernatural that underwrites his tale’s apparitions. Yet the decades that intervene between eighteenth-century Gothic and later Victorian hauntings (what we still call the Romantic era) produce only occasional haunted houses, and what appears in this vein exhibits a struggle, rooted in Otranto, over which elements of the Walpolean Gothic to convert, reject, half-employ, or half-satirize. By analyzing examples from Charlotte Smith’s The Old Manor House and Coleridge’s “Frost at Midnight” to Walter Scott’s The Antiquary and Byron’s Don Juan, this article shows that such insecurity in the Romantic haunted-house motif epitomizes the fundamental relationship of the Gothic to the Romantic. Here Gothicized houses become microcosms for abjecting the unresolved tugs-of-war among conflicting but pervasive ideologies over and against which Romantic writing strives to build its imaginative, and even its ironical, resolutions.
    • Differential Impacts of Sentence Length on Speech Rate in Two Groups of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders

      Darling-White, Meghan; Jaeger, Alexandra; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2023-02-27)
      Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sen[1]tence length on speech rate and its characteristics, articulation rate, and pauses in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Method: Nine children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) and seven children diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS) repeated sentences varying in length from two to seven words. Children were between the ages of 8 and 17 years. Depen[1]dent variables included speech rate, articulation rate, and proportion of time spent pausing. Results: For children with CP, there was a significant effect of sentence length for speech rate and articulation rate but not for the proportion of time spent pausing. In general, the longest sentences were produced with a faster speech and articulation rate than the shortest sentences. For children with DS, there was a significant effect of sentence length for the proportion of time spent pausing but not for speech rate or articulation rate. In general, children with DS spent significantly more time pausing in the longest sentences, particularly seven-word sentences, than in any other sentence length. Conclusions: Primary findings include the following: (a) Articulation rate and pause time are differentially impacted by sentence length, and (b) children with CP and children with DS respond differently to increases in cognitive-linguistic load.
    • Reevaluating Mobility and Sedentism in Classic Mimbres and Salado Villages, Southwest New Mexico

      Uzzle, Stephen L.; University of Arizona (Informa UK Limited, 2023-02-20)
      Fourteenth-century Cliff phase Salado (AD 1300–1450) villages in southwest New Mexico show interesting contrasts with earlier villages in the same region from the Classic Mimbres period (AD 1000–1130). One of the most intriguing differences is that although people in both time periods relied heavily on maize agriculture, Salado period villagers may have employed a more mobile land-use strategy in comparison to Classic Mimbres period residents of the same areas. Researchers in the 1980s suggested that “short-term sedentism” characterized Salado period sites but had limited comparative data. This study reexamines evidence for mobility and sedentism in the Classic Mimbres and Salado periods using burial and architectural data from 49 excavated archaeological sites in the Mimbres region, including recent work on Salado villages.
    • Clawback Provisions and Firm Risk

      Babenko, Ilona; Bennett, Benjamin; Bizjak, John M; Coles, Jeffrey L; Sandvik, Jason J; Eller College of Management, University of Arizona (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2023-01-31)
      Many of the events that trigger clawback provisions are associated with risky corporate policies and variable performance outcomes. We propose and test the hypothesis that clawback provisions motivate managers to reduce firm risk. Panel ordinary least squares, general method of moments with instrumental variables, and propensity square matching models all indicate that clawback provisions decrease the volatility of stock returns. The channels that connect clawback presence to firm risk include more conservative investment and financial policies. The clawback-induced reduction in risk-taking appears to benefit shareholders on average. The gains from reduced risk-taking are larger for firms with fewer growth options, lower R&D, and prior wrongdoing.
    • Green waste to green architecture: optimizing urban tree systems for renewable construction material supply chains

      Dickinson, Susannah; Dimond, Kirk; Li, Shujuan; School of Architecture, University of Arizona; School of Landscape Architecture and Planning, University of Arizona (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-04-18)
      In this article, we share the prospect of using the lifecycle and growth advantages of urban trees as construction materials beyond the existing, more typical green infrastructure uses. Much work has been completed on green infrastructure, but the potential tie to the material and construction industry is completely underdeveloped. It is this symbiosis between our environmental green infrastructure systems, natural and designed, and our social systems, the decision-making, design, materiality and fabrication of our built environment in more sustainable directions which is the goal of this research. Technological advances now allow urban wastes from tree maintenance to be locally processed as viable construction materials in new ways and that if optimized in coordination with other environmental and social systems and efforts, we will see functional and environmental improvements in our urban environments with reductions in both imported materials, and exported wastes and improved energy levels and carbon sequestering.
    • RNAi and CRISPR–Cas silencing E3-RING ubiquitin ligase AIP2 enhances soybean seed protein content

      Shen, Bo; Schmidt, Monica A; Collet, Kristin Haug; Liu, Zhan-Bin; Coy, Monique; Abbitt, Shane; Molloy, Lynda; Frank, Mary; Everard, John D; Booth, Russ; et al. (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022-09-16)
      The majority of plant protein in the world’s food supply is derived from soybean (Glycine max). Soybean is a key protein source for global animal feed and is incorporated into plant-based foods for people, including meat alternatives. Soybean protein content is genetically variable and is usually inversely related to seed oil content. ABI3-interacting protein 2 (AIP2) is an E3-RING ubiquitin ligase that targets the seed-specific transcription factor ABI3. Silencing both soybean AIP2 genes (AIP2a and AIP2b) by RNAi enhanced seed protein content by up to seven percentage points, with no significant decrease in seed oil content. The protein content enhancement did not alter the composition of the seed storage proteins. Inactivation of either AIP2a or AIP2b by a CRISPR–Cas9-mediated mutation increased seed protein content, and this effect was greater when both genes were inactivated. Transactivation assays in transfected soybean hypocotyl protoplasts indicated that ABI3 changes the expression of glycinin, conglycinin, 2S albumin, and oleosin genes, indicating that AIP2 depletion increased seed protein content by regulating activity of the ABI3 transcription factor protein. These results provide an example of a gene-editing prototype directed to improve global food security and protein availability in soybean that may also be applicable to other protein-source crops.
    • Correlating Alloy Inconel 718 Solidification Microstructure to Local Thermal History Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process Monitoring

      Zhang, Yi; Hasan, Nazmul; Middendorf, John; Spears, Thomas; Smith, Timothy; Zhang, Fan; Shafae, Mohammed; Wessman, Andrew; University of Arizona (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023-04-21)
      Additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion produce material by localized melting of a powder feedstock layer by layer. The small melt pools and high energy density generate very different microstructures in nickel superalloys when compared to more traditional cast or wrought processing, including features such as cellular structures and epitaxial grain growth. The features of these microstructures vary depending on local thermal history, alloy chemistry, and processing parameters. There is a need to develop a systematic understanding of the influence the local thermal conditions during solidification have on the resulting microstructure. Such understanding will be useful in predicting and ultimately avoiding microstructural defects such as undesirable phases or non-optimal grain structures. In this work, in-situ Longwave Infrared imaging of a laser powder bed fusion process is used to characterize the local thermal conditions throughout additively manufactured builds for alloy IN718 processed using systematically varied process parameters. This information is then correlated to observations of the microstructural features of these alloys in the as-built condition. This correlation analysis shows clear influence of the local thermal conditions during solidification on the dimensions of the dendritic microstructures formed during the build process for IN718. These dendritic structures arise due to segregation of elements such as niobium during solidification, an observation which can be predicted using a Scheil modeling approach.
    • Negative side effects of music listening during cross-cultural transitions: Exploring how music hinders cross-cultural (re)adaptation among student sojourners

      Fanari, Alice; Gahler, Heather; Gim, Hyeonchang; Case, Tiana; Harwood, Jake; Department of Communication, University of Arizona (Elsevier BV, 2023-05-19)
      Although media use has been shown to have benefits in many contexts, including study abroad, it may also hinder cross-cultural transitions in academic sojourns. This study examines how music (as a form of communication media) may interfere with adaptation to the host culture and readaptation to the home culture. Focus groups and interviews with a total of 23 college students (twelve U.S. students and eleven international students) revealed that music hindered sojourners’ ability to interact in social settings, as well as amplified negative feelings while abroad and during reentry. Participants experienced these temporary side effects in conjunction with (or as part of) their purposeful and functional use of music to escape from the social environment and alleviate negative emotions.
    • Atomic-scale characterization of the oxidation state of Ti in meteoritic hibonite: Implications for early solar system thermodynamics

      Zanetta, Pierre-Marie; Manga, Venkateswara Rao; Chang, Yao-Jen; Ramprasad, Tarunika; Weber, Juliane; Beckett, John R.; Zega, Thomas J.; Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, The University of Arizona; Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona (Mineralogical Society of America, 2023-05-01)
      Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) in chondritic meteorites are composed of refractory minerals thought to be the first solids to have formed in the solar nebula. Among them, hibonite, nominally CaAl12O19, holds particular interest because it can incorporate significant amounts of Ti into its crystal structure in both Ti3+ and Ti4+ oxidation states. The relative amounts of these cations that are incorporated reflect the redox conditions under which the grain formed or last equilibrated and their measurement can provide insight into the thermodynamic landscape of the early solar nebula. Here we develop a new method for the quantification of Ti oxidation states using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to apply it to hibonite. Using a series of Ti-bearing oxides, we find that the onset intensity of the Ti L2,3 edge decreases with increasing Ti-oxidation state, which is corroborated by simulated Ti-oxide spectra using first-principles density-functional theory. We test the relationship on a set of synthetic hibonite grains with known Ti4+/ςTi values and apply the developed method on a hibonite grain from a compact type A inclusion in the Northwest Africa (NWA) 5028 CR2 carbonaceous chondrite. The STEM-EELS data show that the chondritic hibonite grain is zoned with a Ti4+/ςTi ratio ranging from 0.78 ± 0.04 to 0.93 ± 0.04 over a scale of 100 nm between the core and edge of the grain, respectively. The Ti substitution sites are characterized by experimental and calculated high-angle annular-dark-field (HAADF) images and atomic-level EEL spectrum imaging. Simulated HAADF images reveal that Ti is distributed between the M2 and M4 sites while Mg sits on the M3 site. Quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows that this grain is also zoned in Al and Ti. The Mg distribution is not well correlated with that of Ti and Ti4+/ςTi at the nanoscale. The spatial decoupling of the element composition and Ti-oxidation states suggests a multistage evolution for this hibonite grain. We hypothesize that Ti and Mg were incorporated into the structure during condensation at high temperature through multiple reactions. Transient heating, presumably in the solar nebula, adds complexity to the crystal chemistry and potentially redistributed Ti and Mg. Concurrently, the formation of oxygen vacancies as a result of a reducing gas, led to the reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+. The multiple defect reactions occurring in this single hibonite crystal preclude a simple relationship between the Ti4+/ςTi and the fO2 of formation. However, moving forward, these measurements are fundamental inputs for modeling of the thermodynamic conditions under which hibonite formed in the early solar nebula.
    • NIMBYism and Legitimate Expectations

      Quigley, Travis; Philosophy, University of Arizona (Wiley, 2023-06-10)
      An increasing portion of contemporary politics revolves around a set of claims made by those (typically derisively) referred to as NIMBYs. Despite its practical significance, NIMBYism has not received significant attention in academic philosophy. I attempt a charitable but limited reconstruction of NIMBYism in terms of legitimate expectations. I argue that, despite NIMBY expectations being somewhat vague and at least moderately unjust, they may be legitimate. This does not imply that they are decisive, or entail a conclusion about their overall normative force. I close by developing some tentative details in institutional design, focusing on the possibility of monetary compensation as a way of recognizing, but limiting the force of, NIMBY expectations.