Obesity and Depression in a Primary Care Setting

Abstract

Purpose: This quality improvement (QI) project assessed the impact of a 30-minute educational session for primary care providers (PCPs) on their readiness, willingness, and confidence to conduct mental health screenings using the Patient Health Questionnaire- 2 (PHQ-2) tool in overweight and obese patients during weight management consultations. Background: Obesity and depression often co-occur, with obesity increasing the risk of developing depression and vice versa. Mental health screenings are not consistently integrated into obesity management in clinical settings. Early identification of depression through validated tools like the PHQ-2 could lead to more comprehensive care and better health outcomes for obese patients. Methods: The QI project involved a 30-minute educational session for providers at a concierge medicine clinic in Surprise, Arizona. Post-pre surveys were administered to assess changes in confidence, knowledge, and willingness to screen for depression. PHQ-2 screening utilization were tracked for 14 days post-intervention and compared to six months of baseline data. Results: Findings found PHQ-2 screenings increased by 80%, over a similar 14-day period. All of the participants reported improved confidence in conducting mental health assessments. Chart reviews indicated that 90% of the PHQ-2 screenings were completed and documented in the electronic health records. Conclusions: Provider confidence and the frequency of PHQ-2 utilization improved during weight management consultations. Brief, targeted educational interventions can effectively enhance the integration of mental health screenings into caring for obese patients, addressing the interconnected issues of obesity and depression. The project supports the need for continued education and integration of mental health tools to improve comprehensive care delivery.