RSS 1.0Journal of Range Management, Volume 22, Number 3 (May 1969)
ABOUT THE COLLECTIONS
Welcome to the Rangeland Ecology & Management archives. The journal Rangeland Ecology & Management (RE&M; v58, 2005-present) is the successor to the Journal of Range Management (JRM; v. 1-57, 1948-2004.) The archives provide public access, in a "rolling window" agreement with the Society for Range Management, to both titles (JRM and RE&M), from v.1 up to five years from the present year.
The most recent years of RE&M are available through membership in the Society for Range Management (SRM). Membership in SRM is a means to access current information and dialogue on rangeland management.
Your institution may also have access to current issues through library or institutional subscriptions.
Print ISSN: 0022-409x
Online ISSN: 1550-7424
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Recent Submissions
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Journal of Range Management, Volume 21, Number 3 (May 1969)Society for Range Management, 1969-05-01
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Wheatgrass Establishment with Tillage and Herbicides in a Mesic Medusahead CommunityIntermediate wheatgrass seedlings were successfully established in a medusahead community in 1965, 1966, and 1967 with mechanical or chemical-fallow treatments. Summer fallowing by disk harrowing was the most successful treatment. The most productive wheatgrass stands suppressed but did not eliminate medusahead.
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Temperatures of Headfires in the Southern Mixed Prairie of TexasMaximum soil surface temperatures varied from 182 F to 1260 F for fuels that varied from 1546 to 7025 lb/acre Tempil card data correlated well with these data-r = 0.919. The duration of temperatures above 150 F varied from 0.9 to 5.4 minutes. The data from this study can be used to simulate approximate intensities of natural fires with a portable burner. Fires with soil surface temperatures above 1000 F show potential to kill mesquite trees.
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Soil Depth-Vegetation Relationships on a Shallow Limy Range Site in Western KansasSoil depth heterogeneity within the shallow limy range site in western Kansas results in differences in range composition and production. Deep soils produce more forage than shallow (< 4″) soils. Such variations in production within an apparently uniform range site should be considered when evaluating range condition and establishing stocking rates.
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Nutritive Value of Clipped and Grazed Forage SamplesEsophageal-fistulated yearling steers were grazed on shortgrass range units under a rotation and a seasonlong system. The digestibility and protein values of clipped grasses and sedges were compared to fistula samples from the two units. In a dry year clipped forages contained protein levels comparable to those found in fistula samples. In a year with abundant early moisture, annual forbs were produced in abundance. These forbs were grazed readily and brought about higher protein levels and dry matter digestibilities in fistula samples than in clipped samples, especially during the early part of the grazing season.
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Life Expectancy of a Sagebrush Control in Central WyomingOn grazed range in the Beaver Rim Area of Wyoming the density of young and mature sagebrush plants began to increase within 5 years after spraying and within 14 years there were more plants present than on adjoining unsprayed areas. On ungrazed ranges 17 years after spraying the number of mature and young plants was about the same as on adjoining unsprayed ranges. Increased herbage production on ungrazed ranges was nullified within 6 years after spraying. During the 17 years after spraying, there was a reversal in the relative composition of bunchgrasses vs. sod grasses in ungrazed exclosures.
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Increasing Sampling Precision for Some Herbage Variables Through Knowledge of the Timber OverstoryThe relative precision of estimates made from an original sample of herbaceous understory can sometimes be doubled by using auxiliary information about the timber overstory to obtain a regression estimate. Improvements can be made in the estimates of total herbage production, total perennial grass production, and total forage consumed.
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Hardinggrass and Annual Legume Production in the Sierra FoothillsSeeding trials at the Sierra Foothill Range Field Station show that total forage production can be doubled by sowing annual clovers. Also increased were the quantity and quality of winter feed. Winter feed was increased further by planting hardinggrass with the legumes. Results were similar on the two soil types involved.
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Chaparral Manipulation Affects Soil Moisture Depletion Patterns and Seedling EstablishmentSoil moisture depletion in the first 3 ft of soil under chaparral reaches high levels of stress each dry season. Hand clearing the chaparral or spraying with a brush-killer herbicide decreases soil moisture stress and increases the chance for successful perennial grass establishment.
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Chemical Composition of Tobosa Grass Collected by Hand-Plucking and Esophageal-Fistulated SteersOrganic matter recovery of seven feeds collected through esophageal fistulae of three steers averaged 90.4%. Six of the seven fistula samples contained significantly more ash than the feeds offered. Fistula samples of grazed tobosa (Hilaria mutica (Buckl.) Benth.) contained less A.O.A.C. fiber but more silica, ash, protein, ether extract, detergent fiber and detergent lignin than hand-plucked grass. Except for ash, the differences in chemical composition between hand-plucked and esophageal-fistula samples were apparently due to selectivity by the grazing steers. We assume that samples collected by means of an esophageal fistula are more nearly representative of the forage consumed by grazing steers than samples hand-plucked by a technician.
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Comparative Growth Stages and Plant Parts for Critical Nitrate-N Concentration of SquirreltailThe critical nitrate-N concentration for growth of squirreltail, Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J. G. Smith, was not appreciably affected by plant maturity when recently-matured blades rather than entire shoots were analyzed for nitrate-N. The critical nitrate-N concentrations for recently-matured blades were, respectively, 400, 500, and 500 ppm nitrate-N, dry basis, for the early vegetative, late vegetative, and late-boot growth stages. In contrast, the critical nitrate-N concentrations for shoots were 400, 600, and 1300 ppm, respectively, for the same growth stages. Recently-matured blades should, therefore, be collected to determine the N status of squirreltail in the field at any active growth stage. A high N status increased top growth preferentially to root growth. Hence, the ratio of tops to roots increased from 1.0 to 3.0, for N deficient and N sufficient plants, respectively.
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Comparison of Supplementation Methods for Cow Herds Grazing Pine-Bluestem RangeRange cows furnished cottonseed cake on alternate days in winter weighed more and had higher calving percentages than cows fed daily. Calf weights at weaning were similar. Cost of distributing cake every other day was almost 40% less than for the daily schedule. Cows self-fed cottonseed meal adulterated with salt weighed as much as those fed cake daily, but both calf crop and weaning weight averaged less than for daily or alternate-day feeding. Although expense of distributing supplement was least with self-feeding, cost-return relationship was unfavorable compared to other methods.
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Burning and Fertilization for Range Improvement in Central OklahomaControlled burning with combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer were evaluated for improving a poor condition range. After two annual burns the botanical composition was improved. Reduction of prairie threeawn and rapid recovery of decreaser species were the most obvious improvement factors. Fertilization did not contribute to the speed of recovery. Nitrogen fertilizer produced in excess of 36 lb of forage for each pound of nitrogen applied to the burned plots. Phosphorus produced a significant forage yield increase in 1967 but potassium was not effective in changing forage yield or species composition. Range containing much low quality vegetation should not be fertilized.
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Alfalfa as a Range LegumeAlfalfa invades spring grazed range. Plowing range and sowing alfalfa and orchardgrass demonstrates alfalfa's ability to produce forage and fertility. Several methods of establishing alfalfa on the range are described. Alfalfa has been found to be more adapted to the dryer sites. It supplies fertility, changes plant composition, and greatly increases carrying capacity. Alfalfa thrives on close spring grazing, it draws on winter accumulated moisture, raises humidity, and catches drifting snow. In one study, alfalfa has stimulated native grass cover to the exclusion of big sagebrush.
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A Magnetic Point FrameThe point frame has been improved by using pot magnets as a brake for pins. The pins can be pulled away and repositioned easily. This magnetic point frame is efficient, lightweight, and has proved to be durable.
